Oral iron replacement is one of the most common ways to manage iron deficiency anemia. While it seems straightforward—take a pill, replace the iron—patients often struggle to reach therapeutic goals. One of the biggest reasons is poor absorption. Here are four common...
SK is a 77-year-old male who presents to the primary care clinic for a routine follow-up. His past medical history is significant for atrial fibrillation, hypertension, GERD, and depression. Can you identify two important drug interactions in this medication list?...
KE is a 72-year-old female residing in a long-term care facility. She was recently started on ciprofloxacin 500 mg PO BID for a complicated urinary tract infection caused by E. coli. Over the past week, nursing staff noticed she continued to spike fevers, complain of...
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are widely used in a variety of conditions, including atrial fibrillation, pulmonary embolism, and deep vein thrombosis. Most DOACs are metabolized by CYP3A4 and utilize the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transporter. Thus, common...
Fluconazole is a commonly used antifungal agent with strong CYP450 inhibitory activity, especially on the CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4 enzymes. Because of this, it can significantly affect the metabolism of many medications. Here are my top five fluconazole drug...
